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Jakob

@jdw@mathstodon.xyz
mastodon 4.7.2
  • Open on mathstodon.xyz

I’m a mathematician working as a Rust programmer, based in Regensburg, Germany. I enjoy fun and easy math questions, mostly within algebraic geometry. I like constructive mathematics, mainly for aesthetical reasons, and try to think and write constructively when possible.

I’m also interested in literature, history, sociology, economics and philosophy and I enjoy reading books from these fields.

I try to be friendly towards my fellow creatures, which of course has political implications.

330 Followers
324 Following
44 Posts
Joined April 05, 2025
Homepage:
https://jdw.codeberg.page/
Books:
@jdwbooks@bookwyrm.social
MathOverflow:
https://mathoverflow.net/users/112369/jakob-werner
Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

Maybe I should be quite happy that I left academia before LLMs were a thing. Now mathematics for me will always be this beautiful creative activity and exchange of ideas over generations and centuries. And in my free time I can still engage with these ideas without any pressure.

If creativity and beauty are taken away from programming, which is now my bread job, it won't effect me emotionally that much because at heart I'm a mathematician.

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

My motivation to think about math right now is higher than it was at any point of my PhD. It's just so relieving not to feel any pressure.

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago

I was trying to explain to my (non-mathematical) girlfriend why it might be interesting to see what could be proved using constructive logic/why constructive proofs are stronger than classical ones. I came up with an analogy to a court situation where you can't be sentenced even if it can be proved that last night you either commited crime A or crime B but it is not clear which one. You can only be sentenced if there is a proof that you committed crime A or there is a proof that you committed crime B. (Does anyone know if such a scenario ever occurred in reality?)

Anyway, the talk didn't exactly go as I had anticipated, because the law of excluded middle didn't seem intuitive to her at all. »Wait, claiming that everything always has to be either this way or the other, isn't this a very right wing thing to say? It's like saying that there can only be two genders, that doesn't make sense to me at all!« So in the end I was trying to make plausible why some people would be convinced that either there is at least one unicorn or there are no unicorns at all, but I don't think she was convinced.

So I guess I have a constructive girlfriend.

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

The last couple of days I've been wrapping my head around Gröbner bases over arbitrary (strongly discrete for the constructivists) ground rings and damn, that theory is elegant. Somehow being forced to take care of ideals in the ground ring rather than just zero/non-zero elements forces a more elegant treatment 😅 I'm writing it up in my own words right now…

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago
Replying to
@hallasurvivor You are probably used to the fact that many matrices can have the same characteristic polynomial, i.e. the fact that a monic polynomial can have more roots than its degree in a non-commutative ring. This cannot happen in commutative rings (the (skew) field property doesn't play a role here). As @trebor remarks, this is related to the fact that evaluation of polynomials is not a homomorphism, a phenomenon that sometimes tricks people into thinking that the Cayley Hamilton theorem should be a triviality which follows from substituting X = A formally in the equation chi(X) = det(X - A).
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

New goal: Learn elimination theory

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@maxsnew I think you should learn algebraic geometry for its own sake (and abstract algebra if you want to)
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

I'd like to buy a (gaming) laptop for my girlfriend because her current laptop cannot run the games she likes to play smoothly (mostly Sims 4 and inzoi). I know almost nothing about gaming and/or hardware, so perhaps anyone has recommendations?

  • Should run those two games.
  • Should be somewhat affordable.
  • Should work well with linux.
  • Plus for ethical/EU/… company.

@pojntfx@mastodon.social Ping because I feel like you have opinions on hardware for Linux

#gaming #hardware #linux

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

Question: Constructively, the real line is not covered by (-oo,0] and [0, oo) because for a given real number one can't decide if it's <=0 or >=0. Does the locale of real numbers fix this somehow? Are there two closed sublocales (-oo,0] and [0,oo) whose join is R?

Followup question: Does this allow to define a real function (as a map of locales) which is =0 on (-oo,0] and exp(-1/x) on [0,oo) constructively? (This is the function usually used to prove existence of bump functions https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-analytic_smooth_function)

Probably not, because I guess everything would descend to the topological space.

en.wikipedia.org
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@maxsnew If those two are your options and you care about having a little bit of joy in your life, I would advise you to got with Vakil :) The algebraic prerequisites are also pretty minimal (knowing the definitions of rings and modules, quotient rings and localization but without any theorems should be sufficient I think (although more is always better of course)). Virtually all techniques and results from commutative algebra are developed on the go. And this is in my opinion one of the most beautiful books on the most beautiful subject in mathematics :)
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago

A monomial ordering is a total order on ℕ^r making ℕ^r into an ordered monoid, i.e. 0 <= m for all m and m <= m' implies m + n <= m' + n for all m, m', n.

Classically, every monomial ordering is a well-ordering (algebra people like to deduce this from Hilbert's basis theorem).

Is it true constructively that every monomial ordering is well-founded, i.e. allows well-founded induction?

Feel free to boost if you have constructive people in your bubble 😅

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 3mo ago
Replying to
@phosh@social.phosh.mobi I'm missing this in GNOME, creating .desktop files manually for this is a bit annoying…
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@tomkalei@machteburch.social It might very well be that in both fields I never moved completely over the »rigorous« stage and into the post rigorous stage (in the words of Terry Tao). It might be that I'd be a more successful research mathematician and programmer if I had completely embraced the »post-rigorous« mindset. I can argue postrigorously if I have to, but for me the beauty is in all the details working out perfectly. https://terrytao.wordpress.com/career-advice/theres-more-to-mathematics-than-rigour-and-proofs/
terrytao.wordpress.com
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 3mo ago
Replying to
@iblech@mathstodon.xyz @nixos_org@chaos.social @leah@blahaj.social Great that you're on Codeberg now :)
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@iblech The Stacks Project's proof of Chevalley's theorem https://stacks.math.columbia.edu/tag/00FE looks very constructive, with the nontrivial input coming from https://stacks.math.columbia.edu/tag/00FB and https://stacks.math.columbia.edu/tag/00FD (I think here the determinants of classical invariant theory are entering), so this looks like a good starting point for a constructive and abstract/general elimination theory. (I just need to review the theory of sublocales and images of locale morphisms to check that my proposed definition makes sense.) The main theorem of elimination theory (X × P^n -> X maps closed sublocales (cut out by finitely many homogeneous equations) to closed sublocales) would be the other theorem I'd like to understand constructively.
stacks.math.columbia.edu

Theorem 10.29.10 (00FE): Chevalley's Theorem—The Stacks project

an open source textbook and reference work on algebraic geometry

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago
Replying to
@pojntfx Which icon is missing on the laptop?
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 7mo ago
Replying to
@tomkalei You just have to hope that the machine doesn't find a proof of False and is using that as a lemma. @tao https://mathstodon.xyz/@highergeometer/116196176162277025
mathstodon.xyz

theHigherGeometer: "Proof assistants are real pieces of software, run…" - Mathstodon

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@tomkalei@machteburch.social Yes, with regards to math as my hobby nothing changes for me, that's what I said in the original post. I'm also sure there are tons of established math profs in their 50s or whatever who are not at all interested in computers who will just continue doing math the way they always did for another 10 or 20 years until they retire. The toot above was triggered by the new blog post by @wtgowers@mathstodon.xyz with thoughts on how PhD studies might change in the next couple of years. With this in mind I was saying that I was happy that in my PhD I could spend time thinking about the details (and I had to, because I knew that at some point I would need to figure out and write down the details anyway). The idea of doing a PhD in a near future where all the lemmas could just be proved by some LLM doesn't sound very intriguing to me. With regards to programming I'm quite happy that I started a new job half a year ago where LLMs are used very little (nothing agentic) and I hope that I will be able to finish my »junior developer« years LLM-free.
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@tomkalei@machteburch.social I think there would be a lot to say on this, but I don't have the time right now. I guess you might be right with respect to the creativity and there are probably different opinions on where the beauty lies in mathematics and programming. I personally get the greatest aesthetical satisfaction from getting the details right in both fields. When thinking about a question in math, I might be stuck at first, then find a good idea, get excited that the idea *could* work out. Then I think about what exactly I would need to show in order to make the idea work, I will probably identify a small number of lemmas which I hope are true and I can prove and which would make my idea work. Then I'll sit down, try to prove my lemmas over a couple of days or sometimes weeks and after each proven lemma my excitement grows until I have proved the last one and I have this great feeling of satisfaction that the idea worked, that luckily all the steps fit together the way I hoped and that the problem I struggled with is now solved. I can't imagine getting the same level of satisfaction if I just did the first step, coming up with the idea, telling the LLM to work it out and move on to the next question. In programming, where I'm much less experienced than in math, it is similar for me. I might have an idea how some feature could be implemented. I'll sit down, type everything up, make it compile, fix the bugs I built in and in the end it's so nice if everything works the way I imagined it.
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@Paul_Taylor@mathstodon.xyz @joannako@mathstodon.xyz What happened 1904 and (19?)23?
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

I've been typing a lot for the last couple of weeks and my arms are hurting more and more :(

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@MartinEscardo @jonmsterling Thanks to both of you! In classical algebraic geometry, morphisms of schemes are called surjective if they are surjective on the underlying topological spaces. So for a map of spectra Spec(R) -> Spec(S) this means that prime ideals can be lifted along a ring homomorphism. A basic theorem is that morphisms induced by finite ring extensions are surjective (geometrically they correspond to some sort of finite coverings). I will try and see if localic surjectivity is a good replacement here.
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@jonmsterling @MartinEscardo Do you mean the functor of topoi or the "functor" of posets of opens? Or it doesn't matter?
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

I really wish the Fediverse was more diverse… Do you have any ideas what could be done about this on an individual and on a structural level?

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago
Replying to
@jonmsterling Internally, that is :)
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago
Replying to
@soaproot No, it's the same thing. Wikipedia just uses multiplicative notation and talks about (X_1)^(m_r) * … * (X_m)^(m_r) where X_1, …, X_r are formal symbols and (m_1, …, m_r) ∈ ℕ^r, instead of (m_1, …, m_r) directly. I just decided to strip away the multiplicative notation to make the post more widely accessible. At first they leave the conditions »total order« and »the neutral element is minimal« from my original post away, but they add them in »Definition, details and variants« and mention the relation with well-ordering.
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago
Replying to
@dwarn Thanks! I couldn't yet connect everything, but using your keyword Dickson's lemma I found it interesting that Cox, Little, O'Shea in their very nice book Ideals, Varieties and Algorithms call Dickson's lemma the statement that every ideal generated by monomials in a polynomial ring over a field is finitely generated. They give a direct proof (not referring to Hilbert's basis theorem), but at first sight it doesn't seem to be fully constructive. (Btw, there is a recent 5th edition from 2025 of their book, as I just found out.)
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 16mo ago
Replying to
@tao@mathstodon.xyz That is super cool!
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

Puzzle: Let A^1 : CAlg(R) -> Set be the forgetful functor from commutative algebras over the real numbers to Set. Show that there is no natural transformation A^1 -> A^1 such that A^1(R) -> A^1(R) is the exponential function. Can you do it without using that A^1 is representable?

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 7mo ago
Replying to
@siosm @nobody_2454 Oh that would be great!
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago

Consider the complete lattice of substructures of an algebraic structure, or just submodules of a module, or even just ideals in a commutative ring. Every element of this lattice is a join of »principal« substructures (generated by one element). Is there anything else that is special about the set of principal substructures (or its individual elements) from an order-theoretic point of view?

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@jameshanson Thanks! So I guess this means that going from a locale to its topological space of points is not compatible with joins/unions of sublocales? Because otherwise we would get R as a union of the two half rays pointwise? It should be compatible with joins of open sublocales though.
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 4mo ago
Replying to
@alatiera@mastodon.social What happened?
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago
Replying to
@oantolin @cbaberle I don't think you can map the primes however you want, there is still some topology going on. But you can, for example, permute them however you want.
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 6mo ago
Replying to
@antoinechambertloir Yes, all the standard examples of monomial orders are *weight orders* for some concrete rational weight vectors. For these it is easy to see that they are well-founded. (I'm not 100% sure everything works fine with non-rational weights because of the constructive difficulties with real numbers.) Appearantly https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-15984-3_321 contains a proof that every ordering is a weight ordering, but unfortunately I can't access the paper. I doubt the proof will be constructive.
link.springer.com
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 4mo ago
Replying to
@helenasteinhaus@kolektiva.social Im Interview sprichst du von einer offiziellen Statistik laut der es unter 100 Menschen pro Jahr gibt, die zweimal eine Aufforderung nach Arbeitsaufnahme nicht befolgen. Gibt es dazu eine schriftliche Quelle, die man gut teilen kann?
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@dielinke Und Milliardäre.
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@maxsnew 🤨
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

Can someone explain to me which developments of the recent months justify the MSCI world index being rated 5% higher than at the beginning of the year?

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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago
Replying to
@christianp Just as with twitter I'm looking forward to when this happens. I'm always looking for interesting peertube channels btw :)
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 7mo ago
Replying to
@mei I wish this had happened to me when I learned category theory 🙃
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Open post
Jakob @jdw@mathstodon.xyz
· 5mo ago

Is there a notion of surjectivity for morphisms of locales (I'm wondering this mostly with algebraic geometry in mind)?

@MartinEscardo@mathstodon.xyz

mathstodon.xyz

Martin Escardo (@MartinEscardo@mathstodon.xyz) - Mathstodon

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