- Why e-scooters are less stable*
Most e-scooters move in the opposite direction on several of those factors.
- Tiny wheels
This is probably the biggest issue.
• Typical bicycle wheel:
~66-74 cm diameter (26-29 inches)
• Typical e-scooter wheel:
~20-30 cm diameter (8-12 inches) if that
A bump that's trivial for a bicycle can represent a significant fraction of a scooter wheel's radius.
Consequences:
• Easier to be deflected by cracks and potholes.
• More sensitive to rough pavement.
• Higher likelihood of "catching" on obstacles.
• Faster steering reactions.
This alone accounts for much of the subjective feeling that scooters are twitchy.
- Short wheelbase
An e-scooter's wheelbase is often around half that of a bicycle.
The result:
• Quicker pitch motions.
• Greater sensitivity to weight shifts.
• More rapid response to steering inputs.
In control-theory language, scooters tend to have faster unstable modes and less passive damping.
- Higher steering sensitivity
The handlebars are directly above the front wheel.
On a bicycle:
• Hands are farther from the steering axis.
• Steering motions are somewhat filtered by body posture.
On a scooter:
• Small hand movements can create substantial steering angles.
This is one reason inexperienced riders often exhibit slight "wobbling" on scooters.
- Standing posture
Standing has advantages, but it changes the dynamics.
The rider's center of mass is:
• Higher above the deck than a cyclist's center of mass is above the bike frame.
• Less constrained by a saddle.
This means:
• Greater potential leverage on the vehicle.
• More body sway.
• More active balancing required.
The rider becomes part of the control system in a stronger way.